![]() For example, their (1992) study of internationalization in the situation of exchange networks found that even if foreign market entry is the gradual process (supporting the Uppsala model), it follow from interaction, and the development and maintenance of relationships over time. Interestingly, this perspective has evolved from Johanson and Vahlne’s early work, and reflects their ongoing research exploring the management of foreign market entry. The network perspective introduces a “more multilateral element” to internationalization (Johanson and Vahlne 1992, p.12). Also, internationalization decisions and activities in the network approach appear as patterns of behavior influenced by various network members, while FDI theory assumes coherent strategic decision-making. The network approach offers a complementary perspective to FDI theory given the latter does not account for the role and impact of social relationships in business transactions (Granvetter 1985). ![]() ![]() ![]() Therefore, externalization (rather than internalization) occurs. Based to this research, internationalization determined by on an organization’s set of network relationships rather than a firm-specific advantage.
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